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Sopwith Atlantic
The Sopwith Atlantic was an experimental British long-range aircraft of 1919. It was a single-engined biplane that was designed and built to be the first aeroplane to cross the Atlantic Ocean non-stop. It took off on an attempt to cross the Atlantic from Newfoundland on 18 May 1919, but ditched during the attempt owing to an overheating engine.
==Development and design==
In 1913, the British newspaper the ''Daily Mail'' offered a prize of £10,000 for the first flight across the Atlantic.〔''Flight'' 5 April 1913, p.393.〕 Although plans were drawn up to attempt to win the prize, notably by Rodman Wanamaker, who ordered two Curtiss America flying boats, with John Cyril Porte selected to be the pilot, the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914 put a stop to these plans. Following the Armistice ending the War on 11 November 1918, the competition was reopened,〔''Flight'' 21 November 1918, p.1316.〕 Thomas Sopwith, the head of the Sopwith Aviation Company decided to build an aircraft to compete for the prize.〔Robertson 1970, p.134.〕
George Carter of Sopwith-based his design for the transatlantic aircraft on the single-engined Sopwith B.1 bomber aircraft. It was a large, two-bay biplane powered by a Rolls-Royce Eagle engine in a tractor configuration.〔 It had a deeper fuselage than the B.1,〔 housing a fuel tank carrying 330 Imperial Gallons (1,500 L) of petrol and with the crew of two sat well aft of the wings.〔 The undercarriage mainwheels were jettisonable to reduce drag, while a boat was provided in case of emergency landing on the sea, being built into the fuselage decking behind the crew's cockpit.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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